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Ketamine Research – Get The Facts

Ketamine Research – Get The Facts

Do you feel deep overwhelming depression affecting your relationships, work, and life? Is getting out of bed, maintaining relationships, or being present for your children or spouse impossible because you feel a constant endless black cloud of hopelessness? Or a heavy weight on your shoulders?

Is anxiety making you feel constantly afraid of even mundane tasks or the fear of panic attacks preventing you from living your life?

Or is chronic pain preventing you from getting out of bed, from working or making you constantly afraid of triggering a new episode?

Mental health treatments shouldn't make you feel frustrated, hopeless and stuck. At Radiance we help you lift the weight so that you can find peace and joy again and show up for your family, relationships, and work as 100% you.

We understand how hopeless you feel. Our compassionate staff has been helping people just like you for over a year. We are here to connect with you no matter how you show up. Every part of you is welcome here.

Our nationally and state accredited facility uses a breakthrough treatment under the supervision of qualified doctors. We have provided thousands of treatments to people in the Reno area just like you to lift the weight, illuminate the darkness, and get back to their life and relationships with a revitalized sense of self.


How does it help you?

Depression

Ketamine is a rapid-acting antidepressant. While most antidepressants take months to reach full effect “ketamine has a rapid onset of efficacy within hours and that the effect is robust and clinically meaningful” (Salvador 2013). In a study by Zarate et al., four hours after taking ketamine there was up to a 61% reduction in depressive symptoms (2012). In another study in 2000 Berman and his colleagues found that half of their patients had a 50% improvement in depression three days after treatment. Another study showed that post-infusion depression scores improved by “over 50%” (Thakurta 2012).

What would you do if you came in tomorrow morning and the dark cloud had lifted by 61%? What have you been waiting to be able to enjoy?

Patients who used SPRAVATO®, our FDA approved insurance covered treatment, also showed a 70% less likelihood of relapsing for 80 weeks as they continued treatment (Daly 2019). This translates to more time for you without going back into the pit of despair, having to recover, and climb back out. This means that you get more time on solid emotional ground, able to make stronger gains in therapy, and take your gains and make them exponential.

What would your life look like in 80 weeks if you were able to make solid steady progress without a relapse?

Suicidal Thoughts

For some people, getting safe and finding relief that can soften and reduce suicidality is priority number one. A random-control trial by Price et al. “found that ketamine eradicated all self-report and clinician-rated indications of suicidal ideation in 53% of patients” (2014). At Radiance we provide a high standard of care. “Eradicating” suicidality lives up to the quality we aim to serve to our patients. Another study of people presenting to the ER found a reduction in depression and suicidal ideation of 42% within a couple of hours with IV Ketamine (Parvin 2018).

PTSD

At RADIANCE KETAMINE CLINIC we love to treat PTSD because we often see that it works for people when nothing else will.

One study of three weekly IV ketamine treatments for a period of 8 weeks shows a remission rate of 80% for PTSD. This means that within two weeks 80% of patients felt so much better that they no longer qualified for a PTSD diagnosis (Albott 2018). Another study by Feder et al. demonstrated a “rapid reduction of symptoms.” When it comes to PTSD this means the quicker you will experience RELIEF for you, your family, and your relationships.

What would it mean for you to have your PTSD go into remission?

Anxiety

Ketamine also helps people feel less anxiety. One study of people with social anxiety disorder showed a “significant” reduction of symptoms of around 30% that persisted for two weeks after the study (Taylor 2018).

Another study by Glue in 2018 showed the “experience of ketamine treatment enabled them to make substantial changes to their lives (e.g. employment, study, making friends, engaging socially and travelling)”.

How would your life change if fear and anxiety calmed?

Substance Abuse Disorders

There is preliminary evidence that ketamine can enhance the effectiveness of psychotherapy in reducing or eliminating substance use. One study showed that ketamine combined with motivation enhancing therapy led to reduced heavy drinking days giving people more of an ability to moderate or remain abstinent compared to an anti-anxiety medication named Midazolam (Dakwar 2020).

How would it feel to have a greater ability to moderate your drinking?

If remaining completely abstinent from alcohol is a goal of yours the same study found that ketamine treatment reduced relapse helping people to remain sober longer.

At six month follow up 75% of the ketamine assisted therapy group remained sober compared to only 27% of the control group (Dakwar 2020).

Not only did ketamine assisted therapy help people with alcoholism but it also gave a great advantage to people recovering from heroin dependence. In this study 59 detoxified patients were given either one session of ketamine assisted psychotherapy followed by two normal counseling sessions or three ketamine assisted sessions. Those who received all three ketamine assisted sessions were 50% likely to be sober at one year follow-up compared to 22% of those who received a single session (Krupitsky 2007).

OCD

It is suggested that ketamine is combined with CBT or other therapies. Rodriguez found an average reduction of 25% in OCD scores after one infusion of ketamine and 10 hours of CBT over two weeks (2016). Ketamine alone has rapid effects on reduction of obsessions and compulsions by 42% according to one systematic review but without therapy the reduction fades within a few hours to a week (Bundies 2021).

How does it work?

Given through a nose spray, an intramuscular injection, or an IV infusion, ketamine hits your bloodstream and starts its effects within a matter of minutes. It causes a physiological cascade that leads to neurogenesis (the creation of new neurons) neuroplasticity (the creation of new neural pathways).

In relation to other antidepressant medications ketamine is very unique and also not fully understood yet. SSRIs, SDRIs and SNRIs are the most common antidepressant medications and they work on three neurotransmitters: serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine respectively. Ketamine is different though. Ketamine works on another important neurotransmitter called glutamate. Ketamine acts as an NMDA inhibitor. NMDA stops the flow of glutamate in the brain. When we inhibit this receptor brainwide connection is increased because glutamate flows without inhibition.

Ketamine also starts a process of neurogenesis in the brain. To demonstrate this, look at this neuron before and after receiving a ketamine treatment.

According to general studies, two-thirds of all patients respond and one-third have remission from depression within one day. Compare this to the remission rate of antidepressants which is less than 20%.

Can you get addicted?

Some people abuse ketamine recreationally so we should all be concerned about the potential of abuse. It’s important that any medical treatment does not cause addiction. For ketamine the possibility of addiction following treatment in a medical setting is low. We actively work to make sure this doesn’t happen.

An important study by Parise et al. showed that mice given access to an unlimited source of ketamine water didn’t show any addiction-like behaviors (Parise 2013).

Risk of ketamine dependence becomes higher when providers prescribe at-home lozenges or nasal spray. We only do in-house treatments so that we can minimize the risk of dependence. We also do drug screening to make sure our patients are safe and not abusing ketamine on the street.

Safety

Ketamine was initially derived as a surgical anesthetic for use in the battlefield. It has been used in hospitals and veterinary clinics since the 1960’s for putting patients under for surgeries. Ketamine has been used for decades and is assumed to be very safe in most recent medical literature because of its track record.

We assess thoroughly for the contraindications including high-blood pressure, heart issues, history of brain aneurysm, and bladder sensitivity. None of these automatically disqualify you from treatment but we do need to be aware of these issues.

The main physical effect ketamine has is raising blood pressure and heart rate slightly. A study from Riva Posse in 2018 stated “ketamine for the treatment of depression, infused over 40 min at 0.5 mg/kg, is safe and well tolerated in terms of blood pressure re-activity in the acute setting.”

Another study reported that “Ketamine treatment was safe and well tolerated.” (Glue 2018). A systematic review of ketamine studies for depression found the “available evidence supports the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of ketamine.” (DiVincenzo 2021).

Now what?

We hope this information has been helpful for you to understand ketamine and get a feel for it. We are very excited to answer any questions or share more information with you. Please use the “Contact Us” button on our website and follow us on Instagram to stay in touch.

Citations

Albott, C Sophia et al. “Efficacy, Safety, and Durability of Repeated Ketamine Infusions for Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Treatment-Resistant Depression.” The journal of clinical psychiatry 79.3 (2018): n. pag. Web.

Berman, Robert M et al. “Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine in Depressed Patients.” Biological psychiatry (1969) 47.4 (2000): 351–354. Web.

Bundies, Gabriel Luiz, and Himanshu Tyagi. “3095 Rapid Anti-Obsessive Treatments of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Reviewing Effects of Ketamine in OCD.” Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry 92.8 (2021): A10–A10. Web.

Dakwar, Elias et al. “A Single Ketamine Infusion Combined With Motivational Enhancement Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Midazolam-Controlled Pilot Trial.” The American journal of psychiatry 177.2 (2020): 125–133. Web.

Daly, E. J., Trivedi, M. H., Janik, A., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Li, X., Lane, R., Lim, P., Duca, A. R., Hough, D., Thase, M. E., Zajecka, J., Winokur, A., Divacka, I., Fagiolini, A., Cubala, W. J., Bitter, I., Blier, P., Shelton, R. C., … Singh, J. B. (2019). Efficacy of Esketamine Nasal Spray Plus Oral Antidepressant Treatment for Relapse Prevention in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry (Chicago, Ill.), 76(9), 893–903. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.1189

Di Vincenzo, Joshua D et al. “The Effectiveness, Safety and Tolerability of Ketamine for Depression in Adolescents and Older Adults: A Systematic Review.” Journal of psychiatric research 137 (2021): 232–241. Web.

Glue, Paul et al. “Safety and Efficacy of Maintenance Ketamine Treatment in Patients with Treatment-Refractory Generalised Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorders.” Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford) 32.6 (2018): 663–667. Web.

Krupitsky, Evgeny M et al. “Single Versus Repeated Sessions of Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy for People with Heroin Dependence.” Journal of psychoactive drugs 39.1 (2007): 13–19. Web.

Parise, Eric M et al. “Repeated Ketamine Exposure Induces an Enduring Resilient Phenotype in Adolescent and Adult Rats.” Biological psychiatry (1969) 74.10 (2013): 750–759. Web.

Price, Rebecca B et al. “EFFECTS OF KETAMINE ON EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT SUICIDAL COGNITION: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL IN TREATMENT-RESISTANT DEPRESSION.” Depression and anxiety 31.4 (2014): 335–343. Web.

Parvin Kashani et al. “The Effect of Intravenous Ketamine in Suicidal Ideation of Emergency Department Patients.” Archives of academic emergency medicine 2.1 (2018): n. pag. Web.

Riva-Posse, Patricio et al. “Blood Pressure Safety of Subanesthetic Ketamine for Depression: A Report on 684 Infusions.” Journal of affective disorders 236 (2018): 291–297. Web.

Rodriguez, Carolyn I et al. “Can Exposure-Based CBT Extend IV Ketamine’s Effects in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? An Open-Label Trial.” The journal of clinical psychiatry 77.3 (2016): 408–409. Web.

RUSH, A. John et al. “Acute and Longer-Term Outcomes in Depressed Outpatients Requiring One or Several Treatment Steps : A STARD Report.” The American journal of psychiatry 163.11 (2006): 1905–1917. Web.

Taylor, Jerome H et al. “Ketamine for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.” Neuropsychopharmacology (New York, N.Y.) 43.2 (2018): 325–333. Web.

Thakurta, Rajarshi Guha et al. “Rapid Antidepressant Response with Ketamine: Is It the Solution to Resistant Depression?” Indian journal of psychological medicine 34.1 (2012): 56–60. Web.

Zarate, Carlos A et al. “Replication of Ketamine’s Antidepressant Efficacy in Bipolar Depression: A Randomized Controlled Add-On Trial.” Biological psychiatry (1969) 71.11 (2012): 939–946. Web.

Give us a call today to see if ketamine
is the right treatment for you!